State-Specific Dental Hygiene Scope of Practice: A New Measurement Tool

This project quantified the scopes of practice for dental hygienists across states. Building on our previous research conducted in 2001, 2014, and 2016, the project developed a new measurement tool based on guidance from the American Dental Hygiene Association and input from dental hygienists practicing in community-based settings. Key variables were selected through focus groups and key informant interviews, focusing on the emerging practice of dental hygiene in public health settings, including tasks permitted and required levels of supervision. Researchers quantified scopes of practice using these variables based on state statutes and regulations that define the legal parameters for dental hygiene practice. Additionally, statutes and regulations addressing dental hygienists’ eligibility for Medicaid reimbursement and board opinions and regulation of new technology were consulted. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses was conducted to determine whether the selected variables reflect a cohesive construct of scope of practice. The study findings provide evidence on the facilitators and barriers to the safe and effective practice of dental hygiene in public health settings across states. These findings also support further data analyses to explore potential impacts on oral health oral health outcomes in state populations.